Pendekatan Ekonomi Sirkular untuk Pengembangan Bioenergi Berkelanjutan di Komunitas Pertambangan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36423/jec.v8i1.2553Abstrak
Pendekatan ekonomi sirkular menjadi strategi penting dalam mendukung keberlanjutan sektor pertambangan melalui pemanfaatan biomassa lokal sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini menganalisis potensi penerapan sistem bioenergi berbasis komunitas di kawasan pertambangan batubara di Kalimantan Selatan dengan mengintegrasikan ketersediaan biomassa, kesiapan sosial masyarakat, dan pemanfaatan lahan reklamasi. Metode penelitian mencakup studi literatur, analisis potensi biomassa, serta survei persepsi masyarakat menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert. Tiga sumber biomassa teridentifikasi, yaitu limbah organik mess karyawan, serasah vegetasi reklamasi, dan limbah kayu dari land clearing, dengan estimasi potensi energi 65–972 MWh/tahun. Pengembangan Hutan Tanaman Energi (HTE) pada lahan reklamasi juga berpotensi menyediakan pasokan biomassa berkelanjutan sebesar 76–203 MWh/ha/tahun. Hasil survei menunjukkan dukungan masyarakat yang tinggi (76–90%) terhadap pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan bioenergi berbasis komunitas. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa model bioenergi sirkular tidak hanya menyediakan alternatif energi dan mengurangi ketergantungan LPG/solar, tetapi juga memperkuat UMKM lokal serta membuka peluang kerja. Penelitian merekomendasikan pembentukan koperasi energi desa sebagai kelembagaan kunci implementasi.
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