ANALISIS KEMOMETRIK PROFIL SPEKTRUM FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED BUAH LADA HITAM (PIPER NIGRUM L.) DARI BEBERAPA DAERAH DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36423/pharmacoscript.v6i1.1129Keywords:
Lada Hitam (Pipper nigrum L.), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Kemometrika, Principal Component Analysis, Cluster AnalysisAbstract
Lada (Piper nigrum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor yang penting bagi Indonesia. Di indonesia tersebar luas daerah penghasil lada hitam. Lada hitam yang diproduksi didaerah beberapa tentunya memiliki karakteristik dan ciri khas masing-masing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis profil spektrum IR buah lada hitam dari 10 provinsi penghasil lada terbesar di Indonesia yaitu Aceh, Bangka Belitung, Sumatera Selatan, Lampung, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Bali, Kalimantan Barat, dan Sulawesi Tenggara. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) dan kemometrik menggunakan metode PCA (Principal Component Analysis) dan analisis klaster, serta melakukan klasifikasi. Hasil analisis spektrum IR menunjukkan adanya ikatan O-H (alkohol), C-H (alkana), CH3 (alifatik), C=O (karbonil), dan C-O (alkohol) pada buah lada hitam dari daerah yang diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil pengelompokan PCA, terdapat tiga kelompok besar yang meliputi kelompok 1 (Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan Bali), kelompok 2 (Lampung, Sumatera Selatan, Bangka Belitung, dan Aceh), dan kelompok 3 (Kalimantan Barat dan Sulawesi Tenggara). Analisis klaster menunjukkan bahwa sampel Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah menunjukkan jarak relatif terkecil, artinya kedua sampel menunjukkan tingkat kemiripan paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan sampel dari daerah lain. Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode analisis profil spektrum IR yang dikombinasikan dengan kemometrik berhasil digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan dan membedakan buah lada hitam berdasarkan asalnya. Hal ini dapat membantu dalam menjaga kualitas dan keaslian buah lada hitam yang diekspor dari Indonesia.References
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