PENGEMBANGAN GRANUL EFFERVESCENT KOMBINASI BINAHONG DAN SAMBUNG NYAWA: AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES IN VITRO DAN TOKSISITAS AKUT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36423/pharmacoscript.v9i1.2538Keywords:
Anredera cordifolia, Gynura procumbensAbstract
Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat secara global. Pengembangan terapi berbasis bahan alam dengan profil keamanan yang baik menjadi salah satu pendekatan yang banyak dikaji. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) dan sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens ) merupakan tanaman obat yang dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas terkait pengelolaan diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi potensi aktivitas antidiabetes melalui uji in vitro dari kombinasi ekstrak binahong dan sambung nyawa serta mengembangkan formulasi granul effervescent sebagai bentuk sediaan yang lebih praktis. Aktivitas in vitro dievaluasi melalui uji penghambatan enzim α-amilase dan α-glukosidase, dengan acarbose sebagai kontrol positif. Uji toksisitas akut oral dilakukan pada tikus betina galur Wistar mengikuti pedoman OECD. Kombinasi ekstrak selanjutnya diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan granul effervescent dan dievaluasi sifat fisiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak mampu menghambat aktivitas α-amilase (IC₅₀ 21,90 ± 2,93 µg/mL) dan α-glukosidase (IC₅₀ 26,15 µg/mL) secara in vitro. Pada uji toksisitas akut, kombinasi ekstrak tidak menunjukkan mortalitas hingga dosis 2000 mg/kgBB, sehingga dikategorikan termasuk kategori 5 memiliki toksisitas ringan. Granul effervescent yang dihasilkan (formula F2 dan F3) memenuhi parameter evaluasi fisik, termasuk sifat alir yang baik, waktu dispersi kurang dari 5 menit, dan pH larutan yang dapat diterima. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, kombinasi ekstrak binahong dan sambung nyawa menunjukkan potensi aktivitas antidiabetes berbasis penghambatan enzim secara in vitro serta profil keamanan akut yang baik, dan berhasil diformulasikan dalam bentuk granul effervescent dengan karakteristik fisik yang memenuhi persyaratan. Penelitian ini berpotensi menjadi dasar pengembangan lebih lanjut sediaan fitoterapi sebagai terapi komplementer diabetes.
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