STUDI FARMAKOVIGILANS PADA PASIEN COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36423/pharmacoscript.v4i2.729Keywords:
COVID-19, Efek samping, FarmakovigilansAbstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan jenis SARS-CoV baru yang muncul pada bulan Desember tahun 2019 di kota Wuhan, Cina dan menyebar secara luas hampir ke seluruh negara. Jalur penyebaran virus ini sama seperti pada penularan penyakit saluran nafas. Dalam terapi pengobatannya, penyakit COVID-19 ini belum menemukan obat yang spesifik dan baru dalam tahap uji klinis. Terapi yang dilakukan dengan memberikan obat antivirus, dimaksudkan untuk menghambat sel yang terinfeksi dan menghambat virus dalam proses replikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui farmakovigilans dari obat yang dipakai sebagai obat terapi dari penyakit COVID-19 yang didapat dalam jurnal. Dengan metode penelitian secara sistematik literatur dengan menggunakan protokol PRISMA. Kata kunci untuk mendapatkan artikel adalah COVID-19 Pharmacovigilance, Side Effects of COVID-19, Drugs COVID-19 serta menggabungkan AND, OR, dan NOT. Data-base dari empat literatur yaitu PubMed, Europe PMC, Base dan Sciencedirect. Kriteria inklusi dari artikel tahun 2019-2021, berbahasa Indonesia dan Inggris, memiliki isi jurnal yang lengkap, dengan subjek manusia baik perempuan maupun laki-laki dengan golongan semua umur. Dari penelusuran didapatkan hasil sebanyak sebelas jurnal yang masuk kriteria inklusi dengan duabelas obat diantaranya Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine, Remdesivir, Azitromisin, Tocilizumab, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Daruravir/Cobicistat, Ribavirin, Umifenovir, Dan Ceftriaxon, dengan efek samping yang dilaporkan paling banyak yaitu gangguan pada jantung seperti adanya perpanjangan interval QT, gangguan gastrointestinal, peningkatan enzim transminase, gagal hati, gagal ginjal akut, penurunan pendengaran, dan gangguan hepatobilier. Dari sistematik literatur ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa obat-obat yang digunakan dalam penggunaan terapi COVID-19 menimbulkan berbagai efek samping yang tidak diinginkan sehingga diperlukan pemantauan sebelum dan sesudah terapi seperti pemantauan EKG, pemantauan kadar IL-6, serta pengecekan hasil laboratorium dalam upaya pemantauannya.References
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