Pengaruh Dosis dan Jenis Aplikasi Boron terhadap Tingkat Layu Pentil (Cherelle wilt) Tanaman Kakao

Endang Sri Dewi HS; Prapto Yudono; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Benito Heru Purwanto; Toyip Toyip

doi:10.36423/agroscript.v5i1.1219

Authors

Endang Sri Dewi HS Universitas Sintuwu Maroso
Prapto Yudono Universitas Gadjah Mada
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra Universitas Gadjah Mada
Benito Heru Purwanto Universitas Gadjah Mada
Toyip Toyip Universitas Sintuwu Maroso

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36423/agroscript.v5i1.1219

Keywords:

Cherelle, Kakao, Boron, Nutrient, Fertilizer

Abstract

Cherelle wilt merupakan penyakit fisiologis pada tahap awal perkembangan buah kakao karena kegagalan perkembangan buah. Salah satu unsur yang diduga kuat menjadi penyebab adalah unsur boron yang ketersediannya sangat penting bagi tanaman karena berperan dalam perkembangan sel, metabolisme protein, asam amino, nitrat, lemak, karbohidrat, auksin dan fenol, fungsi membran, berperan dalam keberhasilan pembentukan bunga, pembuahan dan perkembangan buah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji dan meneliti tentang pengaruh boron terhadap layu pentil kakao. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) dimana faktor A terdiri dari metode aplikasi pupuk yaitu lewat daun dan lewat tanah sedangkan faktor B adalah takaran pemberian boron yang terdiri dari tanpa pemberian pupuk , pemberian boron 1,5 g.pohon-1, 3 g. Pohon-1, 4,5 g.pohon-1 dan 6 g.pohon-1 setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali, setiap ulangan terdiri dari 5 tanaman sehingga kombinasi perlakuan menjadi 2 x 5 x 3 x 5 = 150 tanaman. Parameter yang diamati adalah Boron total daun, viabilitas pollen, total pentil yang terbentuk, persentase pentil sehat, dan pentil layu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode aplikasi pupuk boron berpengaruh terhadap layu pentil kakao. Metode aplikasi boron lewat daun dengan dosis 0, 4,5 dan 6 g.tanaman-1 memberikan nilai pentil layu yang lebih tinggi. Sedangkan metode aplikasi boron lewat daun dosis 1,5, dan 3 g.tanaman-1 serta metode aplikasi lewat tanah dosis 6 g.tanaman-1 memberikan persentase pentil sehat yang lebih tinggi. Metode aplikasi lewat daun dengan dosis 3 g.tanaman-1 adalah dosis maksimal yang mampu memberikan hasil tertinggi terhadap viabilitas pollen, jumlah buah, dan persentase pentil sehat.

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