Keragaman Morfologi Padi Lokal Asal Kasepuhan Cirompang, Banten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36423/agroscript.v7i2.2508Keywords:
Padi lokal, Morfologi, Variabilitas, Heritabilitas, Jarak GenetikAbstract
Tanaman padi lokal asal Kasepuhan Cirompang, Banten memiliki potensi sebagai sumber genetik untuk mendukung perakitan varietas padi unggul. Informasi mengenai karakter agronomi dan parameter genetik diperlukan sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam menentukan strategi pemuliaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakter morfologi padi lokal asal Kasepuhan Cirompang, Banten serta menduga parameter genetik berdasarkan variabilitas, heritabilitas, dan jarak genetik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari–Juni 2025 di Lahan Percobaan Agroteknologi UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung pada ketinggian 665 mdpl menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas tujuh aksesi padi lokal. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, estimasi variabilitas dan heritabilitas, serta analisis jarak genetik berbasis UPGMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan morfologi antaraksesi berdasarkan karakter jumlah daun per rumpun, panjang batang, jumlah anakan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah malai per rumpun, dan jumlah bulir per malai, sedangkan lebar helai daun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata. Beberapa karakter, seperti jumlah daun per rumpun, jumlah anakan, jumlah malai per rumpun, dan jumlah bulir per malai memiliki variabilitas genetik dan fenotipe yang luas serta heritabilitas tinggi. Analisis dendrogram pada batas koefisien kemiripan 38% membentuk lima kelompok yang menggambarkan adanya hubungan kekerabatan antaraksesi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa padi lokal Kasepuhan Cirompang memiliki keragaman genetik yang dapat dijadikan sumber genetik potensial dalam program pemuliaan.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Jajang Supriatna, Muhamad Nawwaf Muzaky, Sarah Shafa Shabirah, Irfan Muhammad
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