Effect of Different Feed Starters on the Physical Quality, Moisture Content, and pH of Corn Stover (Zea mays) Silage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36423/baar.v8i1.2356Abstract
Balancing nutrient requirements with feed availability is a major challenge in livestock production systems. To address this issue, feed preservation technologies such as silage are needed to maintain feed quality and ensure continuous supply throughout the year. Corn stover is a potential raw material for silage production due to its abundance, but it has a limitation in its relatively low content of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), which often leads to suboptimal fermentation. One strategy to improve the fermentation process is the addition of fermentable carbohydrate sources such as pollard and rice bran (bekatul). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding pollard and rice bran on the physical quality (color, aroma, texture), moisture content, and pH of corn stover silage, as well as to determine the most effective type and inclusion level. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) single factor with seven treatments: P0 (control), P1 (pollard 3%), P2 (pollard 5%), P3 (pollard 7%), P4 (rice bran 3%), P5 (rice bran 5%), and P6 (rice bran 7%). Each treatment was replicated four times, resulting in 28 experimental units, with each unit consisting of 10 kg of corn stover silage. The results showed that the addition of pollard and rice bran significantly affected the pH and odor of silage (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on color, texture, or moisture content (P>0.05). Treatments P3 (pollard 7%) and P4 (rice bran 3%) produced the lowest pH (6.50) and the most preferred aroma, although the values did not reach the ideal range of high-quality silage (3.8–4.2). Therefore, 7% pollard can be recommended as the most effective additive to improve the fermentation quality of corn stover silage.
Keywords: Corn stover, pH, Pollard, Rice Bran, Silage.
References
Anjalani, D. K., Hapsari, R. D., & Aryogi, A. 2023. Evaluasi Kualitas Silase Dengan Berbagai Aditif Berbasis Karbohidrat Fermentabel. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, 25(1), 56–63.
Astuti, D. Et Al. 2021. Efek Bekatul Terhadap Kualitas Silase Dan Fermentasi Mikroba. Journal Of Agricultural Science, 26(4), 210-218.
Athori, M. S. A. T. 2023. Evaluasi Kandungan Nutrisi Dan Sifat Fisik Silase Tebon Jagung Menggunakan Sirup Komersial Afkir Sebagai Substitusi Molases. Skripsi. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim, Riau.
Binarsa, B. B. 2017. Pengaruh Penambahan Pollard Dan Bekatul Dalam Pembuatan Silase Rumput Odot (Pennisetum Purpureum Cv. Mott) Terhadap Kualitas Fisik, Jumlah Bakteri Dan Kandungan Asam Laktatitle. Skripsi. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Cai, Y., Benno, Y., Ogawa, M., & Kumai, S. 1999. Effect Of Applying Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Forage Crops On Fermentation Characteristics And Aerobic Deterioration Of Silage. Journal Of Dairy Science, 82(3), 520–526.
Fahmi, A. ., Pujaningsih, R. ., & Utama, C. . 2015. Pengaruh Penambahan Berbagai Level Pollard Berprobiotik Terhadap Biomassa Mikrobiadan Kualitas Protein Dalam Pellet. Animal Agriculture Journal, 4(2), 209–212.
Hasanah, N., Pradana, E. A., Kustiawan, E., Nurkholis, N., & Haryuni, N. 2022. Pengaruh Imbangan Dedak Padi Dan Polard Sebagai Aditif Terhadap Kualitas Fisik Silase Rumput Odot. Conference Of Applied Animal Science Proceeding Series, 3(2012), 157–161.
Intan Fadillah, C., & Wajizah, S. 2022. Evaluasi Kualitas Fisik Dan Produksi Asam Laktat Silase Tebon Jagung Yang Diinokulasi Dengan Lactobacillus Plantarum Dan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Sebagai Pakan Ruminansia (Evaluation Of Physical Quality And Lactate Production Of Corn Silage Innoculated Wi. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 7(3), 213–219.
Kumalasari, N. R., Permana, A. T., Ridla, M., Ayuningsih, N., Noviyanti, D., Sunardi, S., & Nurdianti, R. R. 2024. Kudzu Haylage Characteristics, Nutrient Composition, And Digestibility With Different Additives For Ruminant Feed. Livestock And Animal Research, 22(1), 41.
Kung, L., & Shaver, R. 2004. Interpretation And Use Of Silage Fermentation Analysis Reports. Focus On Forage, 3(13), 1–5.
Kung, L., Shaver, R. D., Grant, R. J., & Schmidt, R. J. 2018. Silage Review: Interpretation Of Chemical, Microbial, And Organoleptic Components Of Silages. Journal Of Dairy Science, 101(5), 4020–4033.
Kusuma, H. W., & Prasetyo, L. B. 2021. Pengaruh Penambahan Bekatul Terhadap Kualitas Silase Rumput Gajah Mini. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak, 21(2), 110–117.
Luthfianto, F. D., Susanti, E., & Iskandar, S. 2017. Karakteristik Fisik Dan Kimia Fraksi Bekatul Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ternak. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan Dan Veteriner 2017, 456–463
Mbiliyora, J., Susanti, S., & Thiasari, N. 2020. Pengaruh Aditif Yang Berbeda Terhadap Kadar Bahan Organik, Kadar Air, Ph Dan Organoleptik Silase Rumput Gajah Mini (Pennisetum Purpureum Cv. Mott). Skripsi, Universitas Tribuana.
Muck, R. E., Nadeau, E. M. G., McAllister, T. A., Contreras-Govea, F. E., Santos, M. C., & Kung Jr, L. 2018. Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(5), 3980–4000.
Muck, R. E., Kung, L., & Collins, M. 2020. Silage Production. Forages, 11(5), 767–787.
Mugfira, M., Nohong, B., & Nompo, S. 2019. Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Aditif Berbeda Terhadap Ph Dan Kandungan Bahan Kering Silase Sorgum Manis (Sorghum Bicolor L.). Buletin Nutrisi Dan Makanan Ternak, 13(1), 26–34.
Mustika, L. M., & Hartutik, H. 2021. Kualitas Silase Tebon Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Dengan Penambahan Berbagai Bahan Aditif Ditinjau Dari Kandungan Nutrisi. Jurnal Nutrisi Ternak Tropis, 4(1), 55–59.
Nuku, U., Ora, H., Jelantik, I. G. N., Umbunukugmailcom, E., Tenggara, N., & Kualitas, T. 2016. Kualitas Silase Hijauan Clitoria Ternatea Yang Ditanam Monokultur Dan Terintegrasi Dengan Jagung. Jurnal Nukleus Peternakan. 3(1), 24–33.
Pahlow, G., Muck, R. E., Driehuis, F., Oude Elferink, S. J. W. H., & Spoelstra, S. F. 2015. Microbiology Of Ensiling. Silage Science And Technology, May 2015, 31–93.
Ridwan, M., Saefulhadjar, D., & Hernaman, I. 2020. Kadar Asam Laktat, Amonia Dan Ph Silase Limbah Singkong Dengan Pemberian Molases Berbeda. Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan, 23(1), 30.
Rina B. S, S. R. T. U. Yustisiana, I. S. 2023. Analisis Kualitas Silase Tanaman Jagung Sebagai Pakan. Organisms Vol. 3 No.2.
Rupy, E. N., Ralahalu, T. N., & Joris, L. 2023. Kualitas Fisik Silase Limbah Tanaman Jagung Yang Diberi Suplemen Level Sari Serat Buah Koli Yang Berbeda. Jago Tolis : Jurnal Agrokompleks Tolis, 3(3), 123.
Sadarman, Febrina, D., Wahyono, T., Mulianda, R., Qomariyah, N., Nurfitriani, R. A., Khairi, F., Adli, D. N. A., Romli, S. D., Zulkarnain, & Prastyo, A. B. 2022. Kualitas Fisik Silase Rumput Gajah Dan Ampas Tahu Segar Dengan Penambahan Sirup Komersial Afkir. Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi Dan Teknologi Pakan, 20(2), 73–77.
Sairudy, M. Et Al. 2022. Pengaruh Penambahan Karbohidrat Fermentabel Pada Kualitas Silase Tebon Jagung. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Indonesia, 19(2), 120-130.
Sandi, R., Kadir, M. J., & Rasbawati, R. 2022. Uji Kualitas Fisik Dan Nilai Ph Silase Pakan Komplit Berbahan Dasar Jerami Jagung (Zea Mays) Dengan Penambahan Azolla (Azolla Pinnata) Sebagai Pakanternak Ruminansia. Tarjih Tropical Livestock Journal, 2(1), 14–20.
Setiawan, A. 2019. Peranan Pollard Sebagai Sumber Karbohidrat Fermentabel Dalam Pembuatan Silase. Indonesian Journal Of Animal Feed Science, 12(3), 67-75.
Umami, N., Widyobroto, B. P., Paradhipta, D. H. V., Solekhah, Z. A., & Nurjanah, L. L. 2023. Silage Quality Based On The Physical And Chemical Of Several Napier Grass Varieties (Pennisetum Purpureum) Supplied With Different Levels Of Pollard. Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science, 1183(1).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Alieffito Ezra Pradana, Novia Rahayu, Firgian Ardigurnita

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






